Collar and method of making the same



F. P. WELCH.

COLLAR AND METHOD 0F MAKING THE SAME. APPLICATION FILED NOV.'20, 1918.

* 1,334,062. Patented Mama-1920.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FRANK P. WELCH, OF POUGHKEEPSIE, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO E I. DU PONT Dx: NEMOURS & COMPANY, OF WILMINGTON, DELAWARE, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

COLLAR AND METHOD OF MAKING THE SAME.

.Application led November 20, 1918. Serial No. 263,262.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it'known that I, FRANK P. WELCH, of Pouglikeepsie,in the county of Dutchess, and

in the State of New York, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Collars and Methods of Making the Same, and do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof.

This invention relates to a method of making collars, and particularly reinforced cleanable collars, and to the collars thus made.

The pyroxylin collar ordinarily known as a. celluloid collar has not been generally accepted Iby the public on account of several Among these features may be mentioned the liability of the Celluloid collar to crack at the folding, at the end tabs and in the buttonholes. The ordinary Celluloid collar is quite stiff and unconr fortable and the thin outer edge always serves to .distinguish such a collar from the accepted linen colla-r.

The primary object of the present invention is to provide a method of making cleanable collars which will overcome the objec tionable featuresabove noted.

Another object of the invention is to provide an improved method of making collars from a cellulose ester by which the rate of production is sensibly increased without lessening the quality of the resulting article.

With this and other objects in view, the invention consists in the method of making collars hereinafter described and claimed. The present invention is an improvement on the method described in my applica-tion Serial No. 234841 filed May 16, 1918, for collars and method of making the same. In following the method described in said application, difficulty was sometimes experi- `enced in placing inexact register the several blanks which were to be cemented together to form the finished collar. In order to avoid this difficulty, and for the other objects as above set forth, I have devised the following procedure.

Upon a thin sheet of a cellulose ester, such as cellulose nitrate, there is superposed a sheet of fabric, such as muslin, of the 'u same size as the sheet of cellulose ester. These sheets may be about a yard' in length and should have a width which is a little greater than the length of the collar which is to be made therefrom. A strip of cellulose ester is then superposed on the margmal area at each side of the double sheet, and a strip of fabric, such as muslin, having the same size as the strips ofcellulose ester, is superposed on each of the latter. Finally another sheet of Cellulose ester of the same size as the first sheet is superposed. The resulting superposed sheets and strips are then placed between parts of a pressing machine and are subjected to a high pressure while the pads are heated with steam. This treatment serves to unite the sheets and strips into an integral sheet.

The resulting integral sheet is then subjected to a dielng out operation, the shape of the die used depending upon the design of the collar which is to be manufactured. A large number of collars are in this way obtained from a. single integral sheet. A relatively thick, but narrow, strip of cellulose ester is then cemented around that edge of the collar which will be on the inside when the collar is subsequently molded to its final form. The collar with the strip attached is finally placed in a mold and subjected to heat and pressure to give it the desired shape.

- By proceeding in this manner the steps of superposing several blanks and tabs so that their edges will be in exact register,` is entirely avoided.

Amore detailed description of my invention is herewith given in connection with the accompanying drawings in which Figure 1 is a diagrammatic plan view, the graining of certain of the materials being indicated, but only in part and conventionally thereby to avoid confusion; and Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic cross-section on the line 2-2 of Fi 1 illustrating the method of assembling t e cellulose ester sheets and reinforcing strips in making the improved colp x posed thereon a sheet of muslin 6 which has been rinsed in a pyroxylin solution so that it will at once adhere to the sheet 5. Along each side of, and on a marginal portion of,

the sheet 6 I superpose a strip 7 of a cellulose ester, and on top of each of said strips 7 I place a strip 8 of muslin which has been rinsed in a nitrocellulose solution. Over the resulting layers there is then superposed a sheet 9 of a cellulose ester of the same size as sheets 5 and 6. Although I have mentioned muslin as the material of which the sheet and the strips 8 are made, other fabric materials may be used such as linen. The laminated structure thus formed is placed in a press and subjected to heat and pressure to firmly unite the several strips and layers. After cooling, the composite sheet is placed in a machine provided with a die of suitable a design to die out or cut out the collars as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1. The width of the sheets 5, 6 and 9 and the distance apart of the strips 7A and 8 is such that when the collars are cut out a portion of each strip willform a substantial portion of each end ofthe collar to act as a reinforcing fabric. The rain of the fabric strip 8 is preferably sui that it will be at an angle with the grain of the fabric sheet 6 when placed in position as shown in Fig. 1, as indicated conventionally and in part in Fig. l by the lines 6a and 8a.

A narrow strip l() of relatively thick cellulose ester is cemented along the outer edge of the collar on that side ofthe collar which will be the inside when the collar is molded into its inal shape. This strip 10 serves to increase the apparent thickness of the collar so that the latter will simulate more closely the ordinary linen collar.

Although the exact thicknesses of the sev eral sheets and strips may be varied to a certain extent I find it advantageous to have the sheets 5 and 9 of cellulose ester .006 of an inch, and the same thickness for the fabric 6. The strips 7 and 8 are preferably .005 of an inch, and the narrow strip 10 about .017 of an inch.

After being subjected to pressure in the press the thickness of the several layers will be reduced slightly, and after molding the collar with the strip 10 in place the thickness of this strip 10 will be reduced to about .014 of an inch. The molding generally consists in pressing the` dyed out collar with the strip 10 cemented thereto in a heated mold, the faces of which consist of linen, so that the collar will have a dull linen finish. The nishing steps usually consist in placing buttonholes in the ends and central portion of the collar and in folding and shaping the collar.

The collars formed by the method outlined above possess many advantageous features. The 'portion of the collar which is subjected to the greater strain while the collar is being worn is strengthened by means of two layers of fabric which have their grains arranged at an angle. The celmaking the collar is pyralin which consists of cellulose nitrate containing camphor and the usual solvent. In place of pyralin mayi be used other cellulose esters, such as cellulose acetate.

I claiml. The method of making collars which comprises forming a laminated sheet consisting of a sheet of fabric between sheets of a cellulose ester, and having strips of fabric intermediate the sheet of fabric and one ofthe sheets of cellulose ester, saidv strips extending lsubstantially the full length of said sheets and occupying the marginal area at each side thereof and being spaced apart a less distance than the length of the collars, and cutting out eollars from said laminated sheet in such a way that a portion of each of said strips forms a substantial portion of each end respectively of said collars.

2. The method of making collars which comprises forming a laminated sheet consisting of a sheet of fabric between sheets of a cellulose ester, and havingsuperposed strips of a cellulose ester and a fabric intermediate the sheet of fabric and one of the sheets of cellulose ester, said strips extending substantially the full length of said sheets and occupying the marginal area at each side thereof and being spaced apart a lessv distance than the length of the' collars, and cutting out collars from said lam inated sheet in such a way that a portion of each of said strips forms a substantial portion of each end respectively of said collars.

3. The method of making collars which comprises bringing together a sheet of fabric,.sheets of a cellulose ester, and strips of fabric and cellulose ester so that the sheet of fabric willv be disposed between the sheets of cellulose ester and the strips will be superposed and disposed between the sheet of fabric and a sheet of cellulose ester and will occupy the marginal area at each side of the sheet of fabric, the'marginal portion of the resulting structure consisting of alternate layers of cellulose ester and fabric, subjecting the resulting structure to heat and pressure to 'rmly 'unite the several layers, and form a laminated sheet, and cutting out collars from said laminated sheet in such a way that a portion of each of said strips forms a substantial portion of each end respectively of said collars.

4. The method of making collars which comprises bringing together a sheet of fabric, sheets of a cellulose ester, and strips of and pressure to firmly unite the several layl ers, and form `a laminated sheet, cutting out collars from said laminated sheet in such a way that a portion of each of said strips forms a substantial portion of each end respectively' of said collars, attaching a strip of cellulose ester along the outer edge of the collars, and molding and finishing the collars. ,W

l 5. The method of making collars which comprises forming a laminated sheet consisting of a sheet of fabric between sheets of a cellulose ester-,'and having strips of fabric -intermediate the sheet of fabric and one of the sheets of cellulose ester, said strips extending substantially the full lengt-h of .said sheets and occupying the marginal area at each side thereof and being spaced apart a less distance than the length of the collars, cutting out collars from said laminated sheet in such a way that a portion of each of said strips forms a substantial portion of each end respectively of said collars, attaching a strip of cellulose ester along the outer edge ofthe collars, and molding and finishing the collars.

6. The method of making collars, which comprises forming a composite sheet vcomprising layers of a cellulose ester and a fabric firmly united together and cont-aining strips of reinforcing material of a width substantially greater than the length of the button-hole-carrying ends of the collar to be cut from-said sheet and so disposed as to occupy the end portions, including the button-hole-carrying ends, of the collars when the latter are suitably cut out of said composite sheet.

7. The method of making collars, which comprises forming a composite sheet comprising layers of a cellulose ester and a fabric firmly united together and containing strips of reinforcing material so disposed as to occupy end portionsof the collars when the latter are suitably cut out of said composite sheet, cutting a collar out of said composite sheet, attaching a strip of material along the outer edge of the collar to increase the thickness of the collar at the edge, and molding and nishing the collar.

8. A collar comprising a fabric between sheets of a cellulose ester, and a narrow strip of relatively thick cellulose ester disposed on the inner side of the collar and so vsubstantially concealed, and with its edge in register with the outer edge of the collar proper, thereby to 'increase the' apparent thickness of said collar without disfiguring the exterior thereof.

9. A collar comprising two layers of fabric with a layer of a cellulose ester therebetween, the grain of one layer of fabric being arranged at an angle to the grain in the other layer of fabric, and a sheet of a cellulose ester united to the outer surface of each 0fsaid layers of fabric.

10. A collar comprising two layers of fabric with a layer of a cellulose ester therebetween, said layers extending the full width of the fabric, one of said layers acting as a fabric strengthening material and extending only a short distance from the ends of the collar, a sheet of a cellulose ester united to the outer surface of each of said layers of fabric, and a strip of cellulose ester united to the collarv along the margin thereof to increase the apparent thickness of the collar.

In testimony that 'I claim the foregoing I liavehereunto set my hand. FRANK P. WELCH.

Witnesses A. B. CHANDLER, A, L. SAYRE. 

